N'oge opupu ihe ubi a, ọrịa COVID 19 abawanyela n'ọtụtụ mpaghara na obodo, ụlọ ọgwụ na-ahụ maka nchekwa modular, nke ebugoro dị ka ahụmịhe n'ụwa, na-ebute nnukwu owuwu mgbe emechiri Wuhan Leishenshan na ebe obibi Modular Huoshenshan. ụlọ ọgwụ.
National Health Commission (NHS) kwuru na ọ dị mkpa iji hụ na enwere ụlọ ọgwụ ebe nchekwa 2 ruo 3 na mpaghara ọ bụla. Ọbụlagodi na ewubeghị ụlọ ọgwụ ebe nchekwa modular, anyị ga-enwerịrị atụmatụ owuwu iji hụ na ọ dị mkpa ngwa ngwa-enwere ike wuo ụlọ ọgwụ na-arụkwa ọrụ ma rụchaa n'ime ụbọchị abụọ.
Jiao Yahui, onye isi nke NHC's Medical Administration Bureau kwuru na ogbako ndị nta akụkọ nke State Council's Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism nwere na Machị 22 na enwere ugbu a ụlọ ọgwụ ebe nchekwa 33 modular ka ewuru ma ọ bụ na-arụ ọrụ; Ewuola ụlọ ọgwụ modular 20 na a na-arụkwa 13, yana ngụkọta nke akwa 35,000. Hospitalslọ ọgwụ ndị a rụrụ arụ na-elekwasị anya na Jilin, Shandong, Yunnan, Hebei, Fujian, Liaoning ...
Changchun modular ndo ụlọ ọgwụ
Ụlọ ọgwụ a na-emepụta ihe bụ ezigbo ihe atụ nke ihe owuwu nwa oge, oge a na-ewu ụlọ ọgwụ na-emepụta ihe anaghị agafe otu izu site na imewe ruo na nnyefe ikpeazụ.
Ụlọ ọgwụ ndị na-emepụta ihe na-arụ ọrụ dị ka àkwà mmiri dị n'etiti ịnọpụ iche n'ụlọ na ịga ụlọ ọgwụ a họpụtara ahọpụta, ma na-ezere imefusị ihe ọgwụ.
Na 2020, e wuru ụlọ ọgwụ ebe obibi 16 n'ime izu atọ na Wuhan, ha gwọkwara ihe dị ka ndị ọrịa 12,000 n'ime otu ọnwa, wee nweta ọnwụ efu nke ndị ọrịa yana ọrịa efu nke ndị ọrụ ahụike. Ewebatala ngwa ụlọ ọgwụ arụrụ arụ na United States, Germany, Italy, Spain na obodo ndị ọzọ.
Ụlọ ọgwụ arụrụ arụ ọrụ gbanwere site na New York Convention and Exhibition Center (Isi Iyi: Dezeen)
Ụlọ ọgwụ arụrụ arụ ọrụ gbanwere site na ọdụ ụgbọ elu Berlin dị na Germany (Isi mmalite: Dezeen)
Site na ụlọikwuu ndị dị n'oge ndị na-akwagharị na ụlọ ndị a na-ebu ụzọ hụ ebe niile, ruo n'ụlọ ọgwụ ndị na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa na nsogbu nke obodo taa, ụlọ nwa oge arụwo ọrụ dị mkpa n'akụkọ ihe mere eme nke mmadụ.
Ọrụ nnọchiteanya nke oge mgbanwe mgbanwe nke ụlọ ọrụ "London Crystal Palace" bụ ụlọ mbụ nwa oge nke nwere mkpa trans-epoch. Nnukwu ọnụ ụlọ nwa oge dị na World Expo bụ nchara na iko nwere kpamkpam. O were ihe na-erughị ọnwa 9 iji wuchaa ya. Mgbe njedebe ahụ gasịrị, a na-agbajisị ya ma bufee ya n'ebe ọzọ, a na-emezigharị mgbakọ ahụ nke ọma.
Crystal Palace, UK (Isi mmalite: Baidu)
Onye Japan na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Noriaki Kurokawa's Takara Beautilion Pavilion na 1970 World Expo na Osaka, Japan, nwere oghere ndị nwere ike iwepụ ma ọ bụ bugharịa site na skeleton ígwè obe, na-akara nnukwu nzọụkwụ na-aga n'ihu n'omume ihe owuwu nwa oge.
Takara Beautilion Pavilion (Isi mmalite: Archdaily)
Taa, ụlọ nwa oge nke nwere ike ịrụ ngwa ngwa na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ihe niile site na ụlọ ntinye nwa oge ruo nwa oge, site na ngwa enyemaka mberede, ebe egwu egwu na-egosi oghere.
01 Mgbe ọdachi dakwasịrị, ihe owuwu nwa oge bụ ebe nchekwa maka ahụ na mmụọ
Ọdachi ndị siri ike na-emere onwe ha bụ ihe a na-atụghị anya ya, ha na-agbapụkwa ndị mmadụ. N'ihu ọdachi ndị sitere n'okike na nke mmadụ mere, ihe owuwu nwa oge adịghị mfe dị ka "amamihe ozugbo", nke anyị nwere ike ịhụ amamihe nke ịkwadebe maka ụbọchị mmiri ozuzo na ọrụ mmekọrịta mmadụ na ibe ya na nlekọta mmadụ n'azụ imewe ahụ.
Ná mmalite nke ọrụ ya, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ bụ Shigeru Ban bụ onye Japan lekwasịrị anya n'ịmụ ihe owuwu nwa oge, na-eji tubes mpempe akwụkwọ mepụta ebe nchekwa nwa oge nke na-adị mma na gburugburu ebe obibi na nke siri ike. Site na 1990s, enwere ike ịhụ ụlọ akwụkwọ ya mgbe agha obodo Rwandan na Africa, ala ọma jijiji kobe na Japan, ala ọma jijiji Wenchuan na China, ala ọma jijiji Haiti, tsunami na ugwu Japan na ọdachi ndị ọzọ. Na mgbakwunye na ụlọ ngbanwe nke ọdachi mgbe ọdachi gasịrị, o jiri akwụkwọ wuo ụlọ akwụkwọ na ụlọ ụka, iji wuo ebe obibi ime mmụọ maka ndị ihe metụtara. Na 2014, Ban meriri Pritzker Prize for Architecture.
Ụlọ nwa oge mgbe Ọdachi gasịrị na Sri Lanka (Isi mmalite: www.shigerubanarchitects.com)
Ụlọ akwụkwọ nwa oge nke Chengdu Hualin Primary School (Isi mmalite: www.shigerubanarchitects.com)
New Zealand Paper Church(Isi mmalite: www.shigerubanarchitects.com)
N'ihe banyere COVID-19, Ban wetakwara ọmarịcha atụmatụ. Enwere ike ịrụ ebe a na-adọpụ iche site na ijikọta akwụkwọ na tubes akwụkwọ nke nwere ike kewapụ nje ahụ, yana njirimara nke ọnụ ala dị ọnụ ala, dị mfe ịmegharị ma dị mfe ịrụ. Ejila ngwaahịa a dị ka ebe ịgba ọgwụ mgbochi nwa oge, iche na ebe nchekwa na ishikawa, Nara na mpaghara ndị ọzọ na Japan.
(Isi mmalite: www.shigerubanarchitects.com)
Na mgbakwunye na nka ya na tubes akwụkwọ, Ban na-ejikarị arịa dị njikere arụ ụlọ. O ji ọtụtụ arịa wuo ụlọ nwa oge maka ezinụlọ 188 maka ndị Japan merụrụ ahụ, nnwale n'ịrụ nnukwu akpa. A na-etinye akpa n'ebe dị iche iche site na cranes ma jikọta ya na twistlocks.
Dabere na usoro mmepụta ihe ndị a, enwere ike wuo ụlọ nwa oge ngwa ngwa n'oge dị mkpirikpi ma nwee ezigbo arụmọrụ seismic.
(Isi mmalite: www.shigerubanarchitects.com)
Enwekwara ọtụtụ mbọ nke ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ China na-agba iji wuo ụlọ nwa oge ka ọdachi dakwasịrị.
Mgbe ala ọma jijiji nke "5.12" gasịrị, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Zhu Jingxiang na ụlọ nsọ nke sichuan bụ nke e mebiri emebi iji wuo ụlọ akwụkwọ praịmarị, ụlọ akwụkwọ ọhụrụ na-ekpuchi mpaghara 450 square mita, ụlọ nsọ nke ndị obodo, na ihe karịrị 30 ndị ọrụ afọ ofufo arụwo, ihe owuwu bụ isi. Ọdịdị ahụ na-eji keel ígwè ọkụ, ihe mejupụtara mpempe akwụkwọ jupụtara na envelopu ma nwee mmetụta nke ime ka usoro ahụ sie ike, nwere ike iguzogide ala ọma jijiji 10. A na-eji ihe mkpuchi na ihe nchekwa ọkụ na-ejikọta ya na ọtụtụ ụlọ na-ewu ụlọ na ntinye kwesịrị ekwesị nke ọnụ ụzọ na Windows iji hụ na ụlọ ahụ na-ekpo ọkụ n'oge oyi ma dị jụụ n'oge okpomọkụ ma nwee ọtụtụ ọkụ ọkụ. N'oge na-adịghị ka ejiri ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ, ọ dị mkpa ka ewepụ ụzọ ụgbọ oloko. Ntugharị nke nhazi mbụ na-eme ka a hụ na ụlọ akwụkwọ ahụ nwere ike wughachi ya n'ebe dị iche iche na-enweghị ihe mkpofu.
(Isi mmalite: Archdaily)
Architect Yingjun Xie haziri "Cooperation House", nke na-eji ihe niile dịnụ dị ka ihe owuwu ụlọ, dị ka alaka, nkume, osisi, ala na ihe ndị ọzọ dị n'ógbè ahụ, ma na-ahazi ndị bi n'ógbè ahụ ka ha sonye na imewe na ihe owuwu, na-atụ anya inweta nkwekọrịta nkwekọrịta. ịdị n'otu nke nhazi, ihe, ohere, aesthetics na-adigide architecture echiche. Ụdị ụlọ a na-adịru nwa oge na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ mberede mgbe ala ọma jijiji gasịrị.
(Isi mmalite: Xie Yingying Architects)
02 Ụlọ nwa oge, ike ọhụrụ nke ụkpụrụ ụlọ na-adigide
Site na mmepe ngwa ngwa nke mgbanwe ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ihe owuwu ọgbara ọhụrụ na mbata zuru oke nke oge ozi, a na-ewu batches nke nnukwu ụlọ na-adịgide adịgide na obere oge, na-akpata nnukwu mkpofu ihe owuwu nke enweghị ike ịmegharị ya. Nnukwu mkpofu akụ na ụba emeela ka ndị mmadụ taa na-ajụ "ịdịgidesi ike" nke ihe owuwu ụlọ. Onye Japan na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Toyo Ito rụtụrụ aka n'otu oge na ihe owuwu ụlọ kwesịrị ịdị na-agbanwe agbanwe na ihe dị ngwa ngwa.
N'oge a, a na-ekpughe uru nke ụlọ nwa oge. Mgbe ụlọ ndị ahụ nwa oge rụchara ọrụ ha, ha agaghị emerụ gburugburu ebe obibi, nke kwekọrọ na ihe ndị a chọrọ maka nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi na mmepe obodo na-adịgide adịgide.
N'afọ 2000, Shigeru Ban na onye Germany na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Frei Otto haziri dome tube arched maka Japan Pavilion na World Expo na Hannover, Germany, nke dọtara mmasị zuru ụwa ọnụ. N'ihi ọdịdị nwa oge nke Expo Pavilion, a ga-akwatu ụlọ ọrụ Japan mgbe oge ngosi nke ọnwa ise gasịrị, onye mmepụta ahụ atụlewokwa okwu nke imegharị ihe na mmalite nke nhazi ahụ.
Ya mere, isi ụlọ ahụ bụ tube akwụkwọ, ihe nkiri akwụkwọ na ihe ndị ọzọ, nke na-ebelata mmebi nke gburugburu ebe obibi ma na-eme ka a na-emegharị ihe.
Pavilion Japan na World Expo na Hannover, Germany (Isi mmalite: www.shigerubanarchitects.com)
N'ime nhazi nhazi mpaghara ụlọ ọrụ ọhụrụ nwa oge maka mpaghara Xiongan, mpaghara ọhụrụ ọkwa steeti, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Cui Kai jiri teknụzụ akpa gboo mkpa nke ihe owuwu "ngwa ngwa" na "nwa oge". Ọ nwere ike ime mgbanwe na oghere dị iche iche yana ihe achọrọ mpaghara iji na nso nso a. Ọ bụrụ na enwere mkpa ndị ọzọ n'ọdịnihu, enwere ike ịhazi ya ka ọ kwekọọ na oghere dị iche iche. Mgbe ụlọ ahụ rụchara ọrụ ọ na-arụ ugbu a, enwere ike ịkwasa ya ma megharịa ya, gbakọta ya na ebe ọzọ wee jiri ya mee ihe ọzọ.
Xiongan New Area Enterprise Ụlọ ọrụ nwa oge (isi mmalite: Ụlọ Akwụkwọ nke Architecture, Mahadum Tianjin)
Kemgbe mmalite nke narị afọ nke 21, na ntọhapụ nke "Agenda 21 of Olympic Movement: Sports for Sustainable Development", egwuregwu Olympic aghọwo ihe jikọrọ ya na echiche nke mmepe mmepe, karịsịa Winter Olympics, nke chọrọ. owuwu ebe ntụrụndụ ski n'ugwu. . Iji hụ na ọ dịgidere egwuregwu ahụ, Olympic Winter gara aga ejirila ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ụlọ nwa oge dozie nsogbu oghere nke ọrụ inyeaka.
N'egwuregwu Olimpik Winter Vancouver nke afọ 2010, ugwu Cypress wuru ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke ụlọ ntu nwa oge n'akụkụ ụlọ ozi ubi snow mbụ; na 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics, ihe ruru 90% nke ụlọ ọrụ nwa oge ka a na-eji mee ihe na ebe a na-eme ihe nkiri na ebe a na-ekpo ọkụ; Na 2018 PyeongChang Winter Olympics, ihe dị ka 80% nke ihe karịrị 20,000 square mita nke ime ụlọ na Phoenix Ski Park iji hụ na ọrụ nke ihe omume ahụ bụ ụlọ nwa oge.
N'egwuregwu Olimpik oyi nke Beijing na 2022, ogige Yunding Ski dị na Chongli, Zhangjiakou kwadoro asọmpi 20 n'ụdị abụọ: ski freestyle na snowboarding. 90% nke ọrụ chọrọ nke Olympic Winter dabere na ụlọ nwa oge, nke nwere ihe dị ka mita 22,000 nke oghere nwa oge, ọ fọrọ nke nta ka ọ bụrụ ọkwa nke obere obere obodo. Ihe owuwu ndị a na-adịru nwa oge na-ebelata akara ukwu na-adịgide adịgide na saịtị ahụ ma na-edobekwa ohere maka mpaghara ski na-arụ ọrụ na-aga n'ihu na-agbanwe ma gbanwee.
03 Mgbe ihe owuwu ụlọ enweghị ihe mgbochi, a ga-enwe ohere karịa
Ụlọ ndị na-adịru nwa oge nwere ndụ dị mkpirikpi ma debe ihe mgbochi ole na ole na oghere na ihe, nke ga-enye ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ ohere igwu egwu na ịkọwapụta ike na mmepụta nke ụlọ.
Ihe ịrụ ụka adịghị ya na Ụlọ ihe nkiri Serpentine dị na London, England, bụ otu n'ime ụlọ ndị kasị anọchite anya nwa oge n'ụwa. kemgbe 2000, Serpentine Gallery enyela onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ ma ọ bụ ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ iwu ka ha wuo ụlọ ezumike oge okpomọkụ nwa oge kwa afọ. Otu esi achọta ohere ndị ọzọ na ụlọ nwa oge bụ isiokwu nke Serpentine Gallery maka ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ.
Onye nrụpụta mbụ nke Serpentine Gallery kpọrọ na 2000 bụ Zaha Hadid. Echiche Zaha chepụtara bụ ịhapụ ọdịdị ụlọikwuu mbụ wee kọwapụta ihe na ọrụ nke ụlọ ntu ahụ. Ụlọ ọrụ Serpentine nke onye nhazi ahụ na-achụso ma na-achọ "mgbanwe na ihe ọhụrụ" ruo ọtụtụ afọ.
(Isi mmalite: Archdaily)
Ndị na-emepụta Spain bụ José Selgas na Lucía Cano rụkọtara ọnụ ụlọ nwa oge Serpentine Gallery 2015. Ọrụ ha na-eji agba agba agba ma na-adịkwa ka nwata, na-emebi ụdị adịghị mma nke afọ ndị gara aga ma na-ewetara ndị mmadụ ọtụtụ ihe ịtụnanya. N'ịbụ onye na-enweta ume site na ụgbọ oloko ndị mmadụ juru na London, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ haziri pavilion ahụ ka ọ bụrụ nnukwu wormhole, ebe ndị mmadụ nwere ike inwe ọṅụ nke nwata ka ha na-aga na nhazi ihe nkiri plastik translucent.
(Isi mmalite: Archdaily)
N'ọtụtụ ihe omume, ụlọ nwa oge nwekwara ihe pụrụ iche. N'oge mmemme "Onye na-ere ọkụ" na United States n'August 2018, onye na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ Arthur Mamou-Mani haziri ụlọ nsọ a na-akpọ "Galaxia", nke nwere trusses osisi iri abụọ na gburugburu gburugburu, dị ka mbara igwe buru ibu. Mgbe ihe omume ahụ gasịrị, a ga-akwatu ụlọ ndị a na-adịru nwa oge, dị ka ájá nke mandala na Buddha Tibet, na-echetara ndị mmadụ: jiri oge ahụ kpọrọ ihe.
(Isi mmalite: Archdaily)
N’ọnwa Ọktoba 2020, n’etiti obodo atọ nke Beijing, Wuhan na Xiamen, ewuru obere ụlọ atọ n’otu ntabi anya. Nke a bụ mgbasa ozi "Reader" nke CCTV. N'ime mgbasa ozi ndụ nke were ụbọchị atọ na ụbọchị mmeghe nke izu abụọ sochirinụ, ngụkọta nke mmadụ 672 sitere n'obodo atọ ahụ batara oghere ịgụpụta ihe n'olu dara ụda ịgụ. Ụlọ atọ ndị ahụ hụrụ oge mgbe ha weliri akwụkwọ ahụ ma gụpụta obi ha, ma hụ ihe mgbu ha, ọṅụ, obi ike na olile anya ha.
Ọ bụ ezie na ọ na-ewe ihe na-erughị ọnwa abụọ site na imewe, ihe owuwu, na-eji na-ebibi ihe, ihe dị mkpa mmadụ na-eweta site na ụlọ nwa oge dị otú ahụ kwesịrị ka ndị na-ese ụkpụrụ ụlọ jiri nlezianya tụlee.
(Isi mmalite: CCTV's "Reader")
N'ịhụta ụlọ ndị a nwa oge ebe ikpo ọkụ, radicalism na avant-garde na-ebikọ ọnụ, ị nwere nghọta ọhụrụ banyere ụkpụrụ ụlọ?
Uru nke ụlọ anaghị adị n'oge njide ya, kama na ọ na-enyere aka ma ọ bụ na-akpali ndị mmadụ. Site n'echiche a, ihe ụlọ nwa oge na-ebuga bụ mmụọ ebighi ebi.
Ma eleghị anya, nwatakịrị nke ụlọ nwa oge chebere ma na-agagharị na Serpentine Gallery nwere ike ịghọ onye mmeri Pritzker na-esote.
Oge nzipu: 21-04-22